A Review on Green Synthesized Metal Nanoparticles Applications

Santosh Kumar S.R.; Manoj Manjunath Bongale; Magesh Sachidanandam; Chandresh Maurya; Yuvraj; Prakash Pralhad Sarwade

doi:10.55544/jrasb.3.5.11

Authors

Santosh Kumar S.R. Assistant professor, Department of Studies in Food Technology, Davangere University, Shivagangothri, Davangere-577007, INDIA.
Manoj Manjunath Bongale Research Scholar, Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Shiva gangothri Campus Davangere University, Davangere 577007, INDIA.
Magesh Sachidanandam Deparment of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamilnadu-600032, INDIA
Chandresh Maurya Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, PK University, Shivpuri MP, INDIA
Yuvraj Baba Farid College of Pharmacy, Morkarima, Mullanapur, Ludhiana, INDIA
Prakash Pralhad Sarwade Associate Professor and Head, Department of Botany, Shikshan Maharshi Guruvarya R. G. Shinde Mahavidyalaya, Paranda Dist. Dharashiv (Osmanabad) 413 502, (M.S.), INDIA.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.3.5.11

Keywords:

Metal nanoparticles, Green synthesis, nanotechnology

Abstract

Nanotechnology pertains to the manipulation of materials at exceedingly small scales, specifically between 1 and 100 nanometers. Materials at this scale exhibit significantly different properties compared to the same materials at larger scales. An emerging trend is the utilization of nanoparticles (NPs) to address environmental issues. Metallic nanoparticles are among the several nanoparticles that are extensively utilized in environmentally sustainable endeavors. A sustainable, economical, and enduring approach is to synthesize nanoparticles through a more ecologically friendly procedure instead of a physical or chemical method. Plant components primarily function as reducing and capping agents in eco-friendly synthesis. Diverse metallic nanoparticles of various sizes and shapes have been created utilizing extracts from plant materials, including leaves, bark, fruits, and flowers. The synthesis of Nobel laureate metal nanoparticles is essential to the medical sector. A diverse array of glycosides and phenolic compounds constitutes numerous organic constituents in plants, facilitating the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. The absence of detrimental by-products in metal nanoparticle synthesis is the primary significance of green synthesis. The nanoparticles generated by an eco-friendly approach demonstrate several significant biological activity. A substantial body of literature demonstrates that the synthesized nanoparticles are efficacious against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The synthesized nanoparticles not only display antifungal efficacy against several cancer cell lines, including those of breast cancer, but also demonstrate antifungal activity against Trichophyton simii, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Trichophyton rubrum. Moreover, they exhibit potent antioxidant properties. The dimensions and morphology of these metal nanoparticles substantially influence their functionalities. Particles characterized by a large surface area and diminutive size provide significant potential for medical applications. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive summary of current advancements in the synthesis of nanoparticles utilizing biological entities and their numerous potential applications.

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