Current and Future Trends in Solar-Powered Absorption and Adsorption Cooling Systems and Waste Heat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.1.1.19Keywords:
Solar cooling, absorption cooling, adsorption cooling, waste heat, energy efficiency, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)Abstract
Conventional vapor compression cooling systems impose significant burdens on energy grids and contribute to environmental degradation due to the use of high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants. This review aims to analyze the current and future trends in alternative thermal cooling systems, specifically Absorption and Adsorption refrigeration, as sustainable solutions utilizing low-grade solar energy and waste heat. The review covers the fundamental operating principles and discusses recent advancements in improving the Coefficient of Performance (COP) through the development of multi-effect cycles and the use of advanced working pairs and sorbent materials (such as Metal-Organic Frameworks – MOFs). It also highlights strategies for efficiently integrating these systems with renewable and wasted thermal energy sources. The findings indicate a notable improvement in the efficiency of thermal units, yet challenges persist concerning initial capital cost and operational size. The study concludes by identifying key research gaps necessary for the widespread commercialization of these technologies, underscoring their pivotal role in achieving a sustainable cooling future.
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