Therapeutic Approaches of Nutraceuticals in Neurological Disorders: A Review

Abstract

A big problem in healthcare around the world is neurological illnesses. There is a huge healthcare and financial burden on society worldwide due to the dramatically increased risk of chronic sickness and diseases linked with posed lifestyle changes. Fine treatment for sick illnesses with few known adverse effects is the goal of research. A number of functional food studies have been launched in the last few decades in an effort to identify meals with enhanced therapeutic activity and reduced adverse effects. As a result, research into nutraceutical therapy for illness prevention and various extraction procedures for disorders has been underway. Progressive memory loss characterises Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder. The pharmaceutical options available today are expensive, come with unwanted side effects, and are in short supply. Scientists and researchers have noticed that nutraceuticals have a big impact. The anti-Alzheimer's efficacy of nutraceuticals was examined in a number of clinical and preclinical investigations. The study of new therapeutic targets, such as the pathophysiological mechanisms and unique cascades, has resulted from the growing understanding of the AD pathogenesis. Therefore, the most effective and well-known nutraceuticals will be showcased in the present development, together with brief mechanisms involving antioxidants, autophagy control, anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial homeostasis, and more. Nutraceuticals have real-world impacts, and getting your hands on phytochemicals and other vital bioactive ingredients from therapeutically active foods is a top priority. Because of this, the term "functional foods" has been muddied and replaced with similar ones such as "pharmafoods," "medifoods," "vita foods," or "medicinal foods." Nutraceuticals are in high demand to counteract neurological interventions, and there is an urgent need to stick to healthy options. Nutraceuticals may play a preventative role in neurological therapies due to the demonstrated correlation between dietary patterns and lifestyle factors and neurodegeneration. Examining high-quality clinical trials is the focus of the present study, which touches on several important neurological topics. In light of nutraceuticals' promise as multi-targeted therapy for Alzheimer's disease, it is critical to assess them as promising lead molecules for the development of new drugs. Prospective studies should, according to the authors' understanding, take into account blood-brain barrier permeability alteration, bioavailability, and features of randomised clinical trials.